6.31.4 ARM Function Attributes

These function attributes are supported for ARM targets:

interrupt

Use this attribute to indicate that the specified function is an interrupt handler. The compiler generates function entry and exit sequences suitable for use in an interrupt handler when this attribute is present.

You can specify the kind of interrupt to be handled by adding an optional parameter to the interrupt attribute like this:

          void f () __attribute__ ((interrupt ("IRQ")));

Permissible values for this parameter are: IRQ, FIQ, SWI, ABORT and UNDEF.

On ARMv7-M the interrupt type is ignored, and the attribute means the function may be called with a word-aligned stack pointer.

isr

Use this attribute on ARM to write Interrupt Service Routines. This is an alias to the interrupt attribute above.

long_call

short_call

These attributes specify how a particular function is called. These attributes override the -mlong-calls (see ARM Options) command-line switch and #pragma long_calls settings. For ARM, the long_call attribute indicates that the function might be far away from the call site and require a different (more expensive) calling sequence. The short_call attribute always places the offset to the function from the call site into the ‘BL’ instruction directly.

naked

This attribute allows the compiler to construct the requisite function declaration, while allowing the body of the function to be assembly code. The specified function will not have prologue/epilogue sequences generated by the compiler. Only basic asm statements can safely be included in naked functions (see Basic Asm). While using extended asm or a mixture of basic asm and C code may appear to work, they cannot be depended upon to work reliably and are not supported.

pcs

The pcs attribute can be used to control the calling convention used for a function on ARM. The attribute takes an argument that specifies the calling convention to use.

When compiling using the AAPCS ABI (or a variant of it) then valid values for the argument are "aapcs" and "aapcs-vfp". In order to use a variant other than "aapcs" then the compiler must be permitted to use the appropriate co-processor registers (i.e., the VFP registers must be available in order to use "aapcs-vfp"). For example,

          /* Argument passed in r0, and result returned in r0+r1.  */
          double f2d (float) __attribute__((pcs("aapcs")));

Variadic functions always use the "aapcs" calling convention and the compiler rejects attempts to specify an alternative.

target (options)

As discussed in Common Function Attributes, this attribute allows specification of target-specific compilation options.

On ARM, the following options are allowed:

‘thumb’

Force code generation in the Thumb (T16/T32) ISA, depending on the architecture level.

‘arm’

Force code generation in the ARM (A32) ISA.

Functions from different modes can be inlined in the caller's mode.

‘fpu=’

Specifies the fpu for which to tune the performance of this function. The behavior and permissible arguments are the same as for the -mfpu= command-line option.

‘arch=’

Specifies the architecture version and architectural extensions to use for this function. The behavior and permissible arguments are the same as for the -march= command-line option.

The above target attributes can be specified as follows:

               __attribute__((target("arch=armv8-a+crc")))
               int
               f (int a)
               {
                 return a + 5;
               }

Additionally, the architectural extension string may be specified on its own. This can be used to turn on and off particular architectural extensions without having to specify a particular architecture version or core. Example:

               __attribute__((target("+crc+nocrypto")))
               int
               foo (int a)
               {
                 return a + 5;
               }

In this example target("+crc+nocrypto") enables the crc extension and disables the crypto extension for the function foo without modifying an existing -march= or -mcpu option.